Electric shock occasionally occurs in people’s lives, and mastering the first aid principles after electric shock is of great significance for timely treatment.
1、 Symptoms
Local manifestations include varying degrees of burns, bleeding, and blackening. The boundary between the burn area and normal tissue is clear. Or systemic dysfunction, such as shock, respiratory and cardiac arrest. The cause of death is due to high inhibition of the brain (respiratory center of the medulla oblongata) and inhibition of the myocardium caused by electric current, resulting in ventricular fibrillation. The damage caused by electric shock is related to voltage, current, and the contact between the conductor and the surface of the body. High voltage, strong current, low resistance and damp body surface can easily lead to death: If the current is only transmitted from one limb or body surface to the ground, or if the limb is dry and has high resistance, it may cause burns and not necessarily death.
2、 First aid principles
1. After discovering someone who has been electrocuted, immediately cut off the power, pull off the switch, or use non-conductive bamboo or wooden sticks to separate the conductive body from the electrocuted person. Do not touch the person who has been electrocuted while the power is not cut off or the person who has been electrocuted is not disconnected from the power source;
2. For those who have stopped breathing and heartbeat, boxing resuscitation or mouth to mouth artificial respiration and chest compressions should be performed immediately until breathing and heartbeat are restored. If breathing does not recover, artificial respiration should be maintained for at least 4 hours or abandoned only when there is stiffness and necrotic plaques. It is better to inhale oxygen directly when conditions permit;
3. At the same time as on-site rescue, call medical personnel or seek assistance from relevant medical units as soon as possible. Use respiratory center stimulants to acupuncture the Zhonghe and Shixuan acupoints in humans. Prohibit cardiac stimulants before cardiac arrest.
3、 Prevention
Strengthen education on safe electricity use, regularly inspect and maintain electrical equipment, comply with electricity regulations, do not randomly pull or connect wires, do not dry clothes on energized wires, and do not touch broken wires; Do not stand on high walls, under trees, near electric poles, or near antennas during thunderstorms.