Burns and scalds are also common accidents in infants and young children, and even shower water can be the culprit causing harm. Parents must pay more attention to their children’s safety in daily life to avoid danger.
1、 How to give first aid when a baby is injured or scalded
1. Burned by hot liquid
When a baby is scalded by hot liquid, it is important to adhere to the first aid method of “flushing, removing foam, and delivering”, which includes rinsing the scalded area, removing clothing, soaking in cold water, covering with gauze, and taking the baby to the hospital.
2. When burned by fire
If the baby’s body catches fire, you can immediately cover the baby with a large cotton quilt or coat to extinguish the fire, or let the child lie down immediately, roll left and right, and wait for the fire to extinguish before “washing off the bubble cap”.
3. When an electric shock occurs
If a child is electrocuted by touching the power supply, they should not directly touch the baby. They should immediately turn off the power supply or use non-conductive objects to remove the wires, and then seek medical attention immediately. In case of cardiac arrest, CPR should be used for treatment.
4. Chemical solvent burn
Regardless of which chemical solvent burns the baby, you should immediately rinse the injured area with plenty of water for at least 60 minutes. If the eye is burned, it is necessary to open the eyes and flush with water for at least 2 hours.
2、 Severity of burns
The commonly used grading method in China is:
1. Mild burns with a second degree burn area of less than 9%
2. Moderate burns with a second degree burn area of 10% to 29%, or a third degree burn area of less than 10%
3. Severe burns with a total area of 30% to 50%, or third degree burns with an area of 10% to 20%, or second and third degree burns with an area less than the above percentage, but accompanied by shock, respiratory burns, or more severe composite injuries.
4. Severe burns with a total area greater than 50% or a third degree burn area greater than 20%, or severe complications present.
Due to physiological characteristics, children have significantly higher shock, systemic infection, and mortality rates than adults. The severity of burns is classified as follows: ① Mild burns: total burn area<10%, no third degree burns. ② Moderate burns: total burn area of 10% to 29%, third degree burns<5%. ③ Severe burns: 30% to 49% of the total burn area, and 5% to 14% for third degree burns. ④ Severe burns: total burn area>50%, third degree burns>15%.
