1. Remove sediment, weeds, and secretions from the mouth and nose of the drowning person as quickly as possible, keep the respiratory tract unobstructed, and pull out their tongue to avoid blocking the respiratory tract.
2. As soon as possible, let the water inhaled into the lungs of the drowning person naturally flow out. Raise the drowning person’s abdomen, lower their chest and head, or hold their legs, and place their abdomen on the rescuer’s shoulder to walk or jump back and forth; If the drowning person is a young child, they can be poured into the water with their back facing upwards, their hands supporting the child’s abdomen, and their head raised high. The child’s mouth and nose should be exposed to the water surface with their back facing upwards, and their head and feet should be lowered to allow the water from the respiratory tract to flow out naturally. For drowning patients with normal breathing and pulse, after pouring water, rinse your mouth, drink some ginger soup or hot tea, and keep warm to let the child fall asleep peacefully; If you have cough or fever, you should go to the hospital for treatment.
3. Place the drowning person flat on the ground, unbutton their clothes and belt; If there is no breathing or pulse that cannot be felt, immediately perform mouth to mouth artificial respiration and chest external heart massage. Note that the ratio of heart massage to artificial respiration is 4:1.
Chest external heart massage is performed by placing the palm of the hand above the xiphoid process at the lower end of the child’s sternum (i.e. the center of the chest), and applying pressure without excessive force, approximately 60-90 times per minute. This can promote blood flow from the heart to the entire body. Artificial respiration and heart massage should continue until the heartbeat appears and there is automatic breathing, and actively contact the nearest medical unit for rescue.
4. If there is a pulse, even if it is weak and there is no breathing, continue with mouth to mouth artificial respiration.
