First aid measures
1. If an injured person is found, they should be checked for any external injuries to the head as soon as possible and whether they are in a dangerous state. The most important thing is not to move the patient casually, and to quickly rescue them according to the following procedure: a Take a sleeping position: that is, let the injured person lie on their side, tilt their head back, and ensure that the respiratory tract is unobstructed. If breathing stops, perform artificial respiration. If the pulse disappears, perform heart massage. If there is scalp bleeding, use clean gauze or other materials to directly compress and stop the bleeding.
If blood and cerebrospinal fluid flow out of the nose and ears after a head injury, the injured person must lie flat with the affected side facing downwards. When cerebrospinal fluid flows out from the left ear and nose, the left side is downward, and when it flows out from the right side, the right side is downward. If there is significant bleeding from the throat and nose, it can easily cause breathing difficulties. The injured person should be placed in a sleeping position to facilitate breathing.
Precautions
1. If there is only headache and dizziness after injury, it indicates a minor injury; In addition, there are also dilated pupils, hemiplegia, or convulsions, which are at least moderate or above brain injuries.
Once patients with traumatic brain injury experience symptoms such as frequent vomiting, severe headaches, and confusion, they should not be careless and should be promptly sent to the hospital for diagnosis and treatment.
3. If there is cerebrospinal fluid flowing out after injury, it is best not to use gauze, defatted cotton, etc. to stuff it in the nasal cavity or external ear canal, as this can cause infection.
